This list of GDM outcomes was binned into three broad domains; maternal metabolic, fetal, and pregnancy outcomes; the items that were related to maternal metabolic outcomes consisted of GDM related (fasting value on the glucose tolerance test [GTT0], 2 h value on the glucose tolerance test [GTT2] and glucose challenge test), glycemic control (treatment modality, final insulin dose), insulin resistance (fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin, triglycerides, high‐density lipoproteins), obesity (pre‐pregnancy weight, term weight, height), and others (total cholesterol, low‐density lipoproteins). Here, INS is linked to obesity disorder.