TLR2 and Crohn ileitis: Accordingly, low-grade methyl esterification pectins (Low-DM) block innate immune receptors, with pectin directly inhibiting pro-inflammatory TLR2-TLR1 pathway (without affecting TLR2-TLR6 tolerogenic pathway in vitro) (Figure 1) and preventing clinical symptoms in a TLR-2 dependent doxorubicin-induced ileitis murine model (65).