In contrast, the attenuation of ER stress in murine models of asthma, via the administration of ER stress inhibitors like tauroursodeoxycholic acid, the epithelium-specific ablation of PDIA3, or the siRNA-targeted inhibition of PDIA3 and ATF6, attenuate allergen-induced ER stress, AHR, inflammation, and fibrosis (Hoffman et al., 2016; Siddesha et al., 2016; Nakada et al., 2019). Here, PDIA3 is linked to asthma.