CASP1 and acute respiratory distress syndrome: The contributions of this paper can be summarized as follows: TMP might treat ALI/ARDS patients by reducing the pulmonary inflammation in a mechanism of inhibiting TLR4/TRAF/NFκB/NLRP3/caspase-1 and TLR4/caspase-8/caspase-3 signaling pathways in macrophages and reversing the polarization of macrophages from M1 to M2 to reduce cell pyroptosis and inflammatory response activated by NFκB.