Our study indicates that TMP improved ALI through inhibiting the TLR4/TRAF6/NFκB/NLRP3/caspase-1 and TLR4/caspase-8/caspase-3 signaling pathways, which reversed macrophages polarization, reduced cell pyroptosis and apoptosis, which provides a theoretical basis of using TMP in treating ALI in the future. Here, CASP1 is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.