Next, heterozygous germline mutations in SOCS1 were reported in 10 patients with early-onset autoimmune disease in five families from France (Fig. 7A,B).92) The mutations are amino acid substitutions (c.368 C > G, p.P123R, c.64 C > T, p.R22W, c.460 T > C, p.Y154H) and deletions, all of which were considered loss-of-function (Fig. 7B). Here, SOCS1 is linked to autoimmune disease.