We also provided evidence on the mechanism that SENP1 regulates microglia‐mediated inflammatory response through the de‐SUMOylation of NEMO, leading to the inhibition of NF‐κB signalling pathway, and supports the future gene or other basic biological therapy of IH‐related cognitive dysfunction in OSA. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.