PMS2 and colorectal carcinoma: According to studies, individuals with MLH1 and MSH2 pathogenic variants have higher cumulative incidences of CRC than those with MSH6 and PMS2 pathogenic variants, with incidences of 48.3% (females) and 57.1% (males) in those aged 75 with the MLH1 pathogenic variant and 46.6% (females) and 51.4% (males) in those with the MSH2 pathogenic variant [20], which is much higher than that in the general population (2% by age 74) [29, 30].