CXCL9 and COVID-19: As shown in Fig. 3a, expression levels of cytokines like TNF-α and IL-6, and chemokines like CXCL9 and CCL12 were significantly upregulated in cells and supernatants after transfection, as previously observed in COVID-19 patients12 (Fig. 3a; Supplementary information, Fig. S6b, c and Table S1).