CTSD and Alzheimer disease: These include genes that are linked with altered risk of AD-like Apoe, Bin1, Trem2 and Cd3310.Sex-related differences in genes that identify homoeostatic microglia were also observed with marked downregulation of P2ry12 and upregulation of several genes that have been shown to increase in models of disease like Ctsd, Fth1 and Lyz2, particularly in cells from female APP/PS1 mice (Fig. 1c).