In addition, CAFs provide CXCL9 and CXCL10 to contribute to the CSC phenotype and proliferation of metastatic breast cancer cells, which bind to CXCR3 and activate JNK-IL-1 signaling in breast cancer cells; thus, a positive loop is established and MAFs are further activated [20]. Here, CXCL9 is linked to breast carcinoma.