TNF and renal fibrosis: Wu et al. [137] injected WJ-MSCs-MVs via the tail vein after kidney transplantation in a rat kidney transplant IRI model, and the results showed WJ-MSCs-MVs reduced the expression levels of Scr, BUN, vWF, IL-10, TNF-α, α-SMA, and TGF-β1, inhibited cell apoptosis and renal fibrosis, and increased Ki67 and HGF.