Two main goals of this study were 1) to examine whether there was an association between higher BMI or obesity and prostate volume including HAs who are previously underrepresented in BPH research and 2) to investigate whether expression of three genes, Insulin like growth factor 2 (IGF2), alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M), and transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGFB3), was correlated with BMI, pre-operative prostate volume, and age at surgery. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB3 and benign prostatic hyperplasia.