We showed that L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC), hetero-multimeric protein complexes that regulate Ca2+ influx into cells, are the main entry receptors for NWAs when they cannot use TfR1 on target cells (e.g., JUNV and MACV infection of mouse cells); VGCCs also contribute to infection of human cells by NWAs that efficiently use TfR1 [14,15]. Here, TFRC is linked to infection.