TLR ligation leads to the recruitment of the adaptor molecule MyD88, except of TLR3 that recruits TRIF, and triggers the activation of transcription factors, which induce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, type I IFNs and other proinflammatory mediators that contribute to the development of autoimmunity (19). The gene discussed is TLR3; the disease is Autoimmunity.