We have developed an oral Salmonella-based delivery system using the Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 2-encoded type III secretion system (SPI2-T3SS) effective in delivering an autoantigen (preproinsulin, PPI), in combination with plasmids encoding cytokines that are known to support the immune suppression (TGFβ and IL-10), to prevent and reverse type 1 diabetes (T1D) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice (4–6). This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus.