We first examined parent-reported social interaction frequency and its associations with polygenic estimates of total serum testosterone (UK Biobank field ID 30850), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG, UK Biobank field ID 30830), an item from the UK Biobank measuring satisfaction with friendships (UK Biobank field ID 4570, here coded such that higher values correspond to increasing dissatisfaction), ASD risk [68], ADHD risk [67], cognitive performance, and educational attainment [69] (Fig. 4). The gene discussed is SHBG; the disease is attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.