MAPK1 and cancer: In breast cancer, YWHAEτ acts together with 1,3-DCQA (eicosanylquinic acid) to prevent the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells through the Jak/PI3K/AKT and Raf/ERK pathways, and by inducing the Bad/Bax/caspase 9 apoptosis pathway [38].