WT1 and cancer: Bruening et al described a case of a mutation in exon 7 in a female patient with nephropathy, but without malignant tumor or DSD.[33] In another study published in 2003, Auber et al described several patients with mutations in the WT1 gene not located at the hot-spot mutation regions at exons 8 and 9 but at exons 3, 4, and 7.[13] In a patient with changes in exon 7, a point mutation was detected, which led to the replacement of arginine 301 with the formation of a stop codon in a patient with karyotype 46, XY.