The specific cell cycle phase and inflammation in the cellular microenvironment are closely related to cancer progression and outcome 36 as an inflamed microenvironment can disrupt the quiescence of tumour stem cells and initiate tumorigenesis,37, 38 which is consistent with our finding that Loxl1 KO induces local and systemic immune responses as well as multiple tissue hyperplasia. The gene discussed is LOXL1; the disease is cancer.