It can be seen that subjects included (vs excluded) in the metabolic analyses were less likely to have been randomized to metformin (48.4% included vs 56.1% excluded) than placebo (51.6 vs 43.9, p < 0.001 compared to metformin), less likely to be African American (3.8% vs 7.5%, p < 0.001), more likely to have had hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (70.5% vs 65%, p = 0.004) and to have received hormone therapy (62.7% vs 56.1%, p = 0.003). The gene discussed is NR4A1; the disease is breast carcinoma.