Next we treated Calu‐3 cells with TNF, which is also produced by LPS‐treated or primed MDM (Appendix Fig S2A and B) and implicated in severe COVID‐19 (Chua et al, 2020; Mahase, 2020), but found no enhancement of innate responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 (Appendix Fig S2C). Here, TNF is linked to COVID-19.