Similarly, comparing patients with endometrial hyperplasia but without atypia, higher ALDH1 positively was observed in women who went on to develop cancer compared to those who did not (Fig. 6B; 13.5 ± 4.5% compared to 4.6 ± 1.3%, p = 0.02) Higher mean cytoplasmic ALDH1 expression in patients who developed endometrial cancer when initially presenting with atypical hyperplasia was also observed, but this trend was not statistically significant (Fig. 6C; p = 0.71). This evidence concerns the gene ALDH1A1 and endometrial cancer.