We compared the associations of RNAemia and protein measurements with 28-day ICU mortality, including established protein markers of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), i.e., the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE)28–30, and prognosis in ICU patients with sepsis, i.e., pentraxin-3 (PTX3)31–34. This evidence concerns the gene PTX3 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.