ADIPOQ and diabetes mellitus: Thus, the single utility and applicability of adiponectin for diabetes risk assessment may be limited, and prior investigations have proven that combination indices such as adiponectin/leptin [19] and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)/adiponectin [20] play superior roles in assessing diabetes risk; in addition, the high-molecular weight (HMW)/total adiponectin ratio [18] showed a linear adjusted association with diabetes.