RALGPS1 and cancer: There are seven Ral GEFs in the human genome, RALGDS, RALGPS1-2, and RGL1-4, which are often found misregulated in cancer (González-García et al., 2005; Koyama and Kikuchi, 2001; Rodriguez-Viciana and McCormick, 2005) and are considered emerging therapeutic targets (Neel et al., 2011; Vigil et al., 2010).