During atherosclerosis,the level of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α significantly increasedand treatment with Afrocyclamin A dose-dependentlyreduced the level to almost near the control values.Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the developmentof atherosclerosis, and it is involved in the regulationof VSMCs migration/proliferation and differentiation(36). Here, TNF is linked to atherosclerosis.