For example, in the experiment of vincristine (VCR) inducing tumor cell apoptosis, one of the mechanisms may be that VCR downregulates the expression of Sirt3, which in turn leads to the accumulation of mitochondrial ROS and initiates the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and upregulates the expression of TNF-α, which ultimately leads to the apoptosis of U937 and HL-60 cells (36). Here, TNF is linked to neoplasm.