HLA-C and neoplasm: For immunotherapies to become highly effective for cancers, the following challenges must be addressed: (1) enhancement of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression in tumor cells for sufficient presentation of tumor-associated antigens and (2) regulation of cytokines and manipulation of the TME to improve effector T-cell infiltration into “cold” tumors (Stambrook et al., 2017).