Additional evidence suggests that adipocyte-derived adipokines activate JAK/STAT3 signaling and induce the upregulation of autophagic proteins, such as Atg5, Atg3, and LC3-I/II, activating autophagy thereby decreasing chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in myeloma cells, which highlights a novel therapeutic target for enhancing chemotherapy sensitivity in myeloma patients (Liu Z.Q. et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and plasma cell myeloma.