In human triple-negative breast cancer, a subset of CAF with myofibroblast characteristics (myCAF) (α-SMA+/FAP+ or S1 CAF) was identified as a key player in immunosuppression through the attraction of Tregs and inhibition of effector T cell proliferation (36) and it was hypothesized that targeting the CAF-S1-mediated immunosuppression could enhance anti-tumor immunity. Here, ACTA1 is linked to neoplasm.