Therefore, the master regulator signaling system Keap1/Nrf2/ARE (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/NFE2-related factor 2/antioxidant respons(iv)e element) can serve as an important target in the pathogenetic treatment of tuberculosis affecting antioxidant protection, xenobiotic detoxification, and activity of reactive oxygen species- (ROS-) generating enzymes [10, 13–15]. The gene discussed is KEAP1; the disease is tuberculosis.