The results displayed that the mRNA expression levels of Rac3, RhoBTB1, RhoBTB3, RhoC, and RhoV significantly decreased in AML bone marrow, while the mRNA expression levels of RhoB, RhoBTB2, RhoF, RhoQ, and RhoU significantly increased in AML bone marrow compared to healthy samples (P < 0.05). The gene discussed is RHOBTB1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.