Among commonly mutated genes, LRP1B, TP53, TTN, MUC16, AHNAK2, OBSCN, FLG, PCLO, HMCN1, USH2A, CSMD3, XIRP2, and RYR2 mutations significantly associated with higher TMB in HCC patients (Fig. 2). Here, CSMD3 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.