CD8A and neoplasm: Furthermore, DKK1 demonstrated immunoregulatory impacts including encouraging Th1/Th2 shifts, promote an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that benefited MDSCs expansion and T cell suppression, reducing the functionality of T cells by MDSC modulation, and suppressing the proliferation of CD8+ T cells and NK cells, thus contributing to inflammatory response and cancer immune evasion.