In any event, the nuclear envelope location does not appear to be crucial for MxB inhibition of HIV-1 infection, since certain MxB mutants, such as the MxBΔ1-25 + NLS mutant and MX2(N91)-ARFAPTIN 2 mutant, lost localization to the nuclear envelope, yet still exhibited strong anti-HIV-1 activity (Matreyek et al., 2014; Kane et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene MX2 and HIV-1 infection.