On the other hand, enhanced NPR-C activity may protect against IR injury, reverse cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, and improve endothelial function (Hobbs et al., 2004; Egom et al., 2015b, 2019; Jansen et al., 2018, 2019; Mackasey et al., 2018; Egom, 2019). This evidence concerns the gene NPR3 and cardiac hypertrophy.