As mentioned previously and as we will discuss further in subsequent sections, low NPR-C activity may remove the brake on cardiac hypertrophy, induce cardiac fibrosis and remodeling, and increase susceptibility to develop arrhythmias and pulmonary hypertension (Hobbs et al., 2004; Egom et al., 2015b, 2019; Jansen et al., 2018, 2019; Mackasey et al., 2018; Egom, 2019). This evidence concerns the gene NPR3 and fibrosis.