A few years ago, the role of the ERα, a transcriptional factor involved in mitochondrial and energy metabolism, was investigated in a transgenic (Tg) model of AD expressing the amyloid β precursor protein (APP) and presenilin 1 (PS1) containing familial AD (FAD) mutations (Tg APP/PS1 mice). Here, PSEN1 is linked to familial Alzheimer disease.