TNF and inflammatory response: Compared with the MC group, the contents of IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-10 in the LREE (0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg) groups were significantly decreased (P< 0.05), which indicated that LREE could significantly reduce the contents of cytokines in colon tissue and improve intestinal inflammation of mice with ulcerative colitis induced by DSS.