S100A8 and Hyperglycemia: While transient intermittent hyperglycemia increases blood monocytes because of elevated S100A8/A9 secretion by neutrophils as a consequence of glucose transporter (GLUT)-1 mediated glucose uptake [54], the decrease in blood monocytes upon hypoglycemia during prolonged fasting is considered to be secondary to a decrease in MCP-1 [23].