This is in accordance with the lack of association between TP53 mutations and brain involvement in both EGFR+ and ALK+ NSCLC, while unfavorable oncogene variants increase metastatic potential (EML4-ALK V3) and/or decrease TKI sensitivity (EML4-ALK V3 and non-del19 EGFR mutations).57, 58, 59 Therefore, patients with these molecular alterations constitute a higher ‘brain risk’ population, which would probably benefit more from closer radiologic monitoring as well as earlier and more aggressive LT. Here, EML4 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.