AKT1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: The Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (Cbl) family has three major isoforms, c-Cbl, Cbl-b, and Cbl-c, among which c-Cbl and Cbl-b with a ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domain suppressed PD-L1 expression after inhibiting PI3K/Akt, JAK-STAT, and MEK/Erk signaling pathways in NSCLC [140].