The identification of molecular targets (TLR5) and mediators (TSLP, IL33 and Tregs) responsible for the immune regulatory effects of B. uniformis CECT 7771 in diet-induced obesity also provides new insights into the mechanism whereby effector human bacterial strains can work to attenuate the adverse impact of obesity in metabolic health. The gene discussed is TLR5; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.