CASP3 and breast cancer: Although we do not observe steady-state differences in the percentage of Ki67 and cleaved caspase-3-positive cells at the experimental endpoint (Supplementary Figure 8c, d), combined treatment with phenformin and β-lapachone significantly increased oxidative damage in mammary tumors as assessed by 8-oxo-dG IHC staining (32.7% in control tumors vs 49.2% in β-lapachone/phenformin-treated tumors) (Fig. 7e).