The high variability of parameters for CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell proliferation suggests that quantitating cytotoxic T-cell expansion can serve as a useful parameter for the characterization of inflammatory diseases: A recent study reported that a significantly elevated CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell infiltration in ileal lamina propria was accompanied by early endoscopic recurrence in Crohn’s disease [32] and another chronic inflammatory bowel disease – microscopic colitis – showed an increased proportion of proliferating CD8+ T-cells compared to controls [33]. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is Crohn disease.