This is also in line with a recent study in which dual CTLA-4/PD-1 blockade promoted rejection of melanoma brain metastases only when an extracranial melanoma tumor was present as well.43 Another recent report showed that intracerebral delivery of VEGF-C can boost antigen trafficking to deep cervical lymph nodes and drive rejection of GL261 tumors.44 This is a promising new way to modulate antigen trafficking and an exciting candidate for follow-up in the SB28 model in combination with the approaches tested here. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is melanoma.