PYY and metabolic disease: The EEC is becoming a key target in metabolic disease because of its role in orchestrating downstream responses in a range of neural, epithelial, endocrine and immune cells.38–40 Activation of EECs has long been the focus of several successful clinical strategies to prolong or boost the action or release of GLP-1 and PYY.5 6 We show that colonic EEC are equipped with multiple receptors for nutrients endogenous and exogenous to the colon, which together can trigger a potent endocrine response.