INS and diabetes mellitus: The management of glucose is challenging because patients must consider a myriad of factors when making diabetes care decisions (eg, insulin administration and glucose checks), such as the amount of carbohydrates consumed, insulin administered, physical activity, stress, illness, hormonal changes that cause natural spikes in glucose (eg, dawn phenomenon), and access to diabetes treatment technologies (eg, continuous glucose monitoring [CGM] and insulin pump) [4-6].