During the pathogenic process of DM, long-term high glucose stimulation promotes the occurrence and development of ERS and OS, inhibits the activity of Trx-1, causes the dissociation of the Trx-1-ASK1 complex, activates the ASK1-mediated apoptotic pathway, and causes cell apoptosis (Zhu et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene MAP3K5 and diabetes mellitus.