TP53 and neoplasm: Previous studies have identified molecular subtypes of GC, such as four subtypes identified by integration of multi-omics data in TCGA: EBV-associated, MSI, GS, and CIN5, four subtypes defined based on EMT, MSI, and TP53 signatures in ACRG: MSS/EMT, MSI, MSS/p53+, and MSS/p53-6, three subtypes defined by the expression levels of 29 immune genes: immune-high, immune-intermediate, and immune-low15, and three subtypes defined by the expression profiles of tumor microenvironment cells16.