In addition to mtDNA, the release of nDNA to cytosol caused by nuclear cathepsin B (CTSB)-mediated genomic DNA damage activates STING1-dependent autophagy and subsequent glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) degradation, leading to ferroptotic cell death in human pancreatic cancer cells71. Here, CTSB is linked to familial pancreatic carcinoma.